Ababhikishi babamba iqhaza embhikishweni omelene nohulumeni waseJalimane ohlela ukunciphisa izinxephezelo zikagesi welanga, eBerlin Mashi 5, 2012. REUTERS/Tobias Schwarz
BERLIN, Oct 28 (Reuters) - IJalimane icele usizo eBrussels ukuze ivuselele imboni yayo yamaphaneli elanga futhi ithuthukise ukuvikeleka kwamandla kagesi njengoba iBerlin, ibhekene nemiphumela yokuthembela ngokweqile kuphethiloli waseRussia, izama ukunqamula ukuncika kwayo kubuchwepheshe baseChina.
Iphinde ibhekane nomthetho omusha wase-US oveze ukukhathazeka ngokuthi izinsalela zemboni yelanga ekade ibusa eJalimane zingathuthela e-United States.
Lapho umholi womhlaba efaka amandla kagesi elanga, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga eJalimane kwawa ngemuva kwesinqumo sikahulumeni eminyakeni eyishumi edlule sokunciphisa uxhaso embonini ngokushesha kunalokho obekulindelwe kwenze amafemu amaningi asebenzisa amandla elanga ashiye iJalimane noma acwile ezikweletini.
Eduze kwedolobha elisempumalanga ye-Chemnitz endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Saxony's Solar Valley, i-Heckert Solar ingomunye wabasindile abayisigamu seshumi nambili abazungezwe amafekthri alahliwe umphathi wezentengiso wesifunda u-Andreas Rauner awachaze “njengamanxiwa okutshalwa kwezimali”.
Uthe, inkampani, manje eyimoduli yelanga enkulu kunazo zonke eJalimane, noma i-panel-maker, ikwazile ukumelana nomthelela wokuncintisana kombuso waseShayina kanye nokulahlekelwa ukusekelwa kukahulumeni waseJalimane ngokutshalwa kwezimali kwangasese kanye nesizinda samakhasimende ahlukahlukene.
Ngo-2012, uhulumeni waseJalimane ngaleso sikhathi wanqamula uxhaso lwelanga ephendula izimfuno zemboni yendabuko okuncamela kwayo uphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi, ikakhulukazi ukuthengwa kwegesi yaseRussia eshibhile, kudalulwe ukuphazamiseka kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kulandela impi yase-Ukraine.
“Siyabona ukuthi kubulala kanjani uma ugesi uncike ngokuphelele kwabanye abalingisi.Kungumbuzo wezokuphepha kuzwelonke,” uWolfram Guenther, ungqongqoshe wezamandla eSaxony, etshela abeReuters.
Njengoba iJalimane kanye neYurophu yonke ifuna eminye imithombo yamandla, ngokwengxenye ukunxephezela ukulahleka kwezimpahla zaseRussia futhi ngokwengxenye ukuhlangabezana nezinjongo zesimo sezulu, intshisekelo iye yakhula ekwakheni kabusha imboni okwathi ngo-2007 yakhiqiza wonke amaseli elanga esine emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngo-2021, i-Europe yanikela ngo-3% kuphela ekukhiqizweni kwemojula ye-PV yomhlaba wonke kuyilapho i-Asia yabalelwa ku-93%, lapho i-China yenza u-70%, umbiko wesikhungo saseJalimane iFraunhofer otholwe ngoSepthemba.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-China nakho ishibhile ngo-10% -20% lapho e-Europe, idatha ehlukene nemibukiso ye-European Solar Manufacturing Council ESMC.
I-UNITED STATES NAYO IYIMBANGI YAMANDLA
Ukuncintisana okusha okuvela e-United States kukhuphule izingcingo e-Europe zokuthola usizo oluvela kuKhomishini yaseYurophu, isikhulu se-EU.
I-European Union ngoMashi yathembisa ukwenza “noma yini edingekayo” ukwakha kabusha amandla ase-Europe okukhiqiza izingxenye zokufakelwa kwelanga, kulandela ukuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine nenkinga yamandla eyayivusa.
Inselele ikhule ngemva kokusayinwa koMthetho Wokuncishiswa Kokwehla Kwamanani Emali wase-US ngo-August, uhlinzeka ngekhredithi yentela engu-30% yezindleko zamafekthri amasha noma athuthukisiwe akha izingxenye zamandla avuselelekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inikeza ikhredithi yentela engxenyeni ngayinye efanelekile ekhiqizwa efektri yase-US bese ithengiswe.
Ukukhathazeka eYurophu ukuthi lokho kuzodonsela kude utshalomali olungase lube khona embonini yayo yasekhaya evuselelekayo.
UDries Acke, uMqondisi Wenqubomgomo enhlanganweni yezimboni iSolarPower Europe, uthe indikimba ibhalele iKhomishini yaseYurophu inxusa ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo.
Ukuphendula, iKhomishini igunyaze i-EU Solar Industry Alliance, ezokwethulwa ngoDisemba, ngenhloso yokuzuza ngaphezu kwe-320 gigawatts (GW) yomthamo we-photovoltaic (PV) esanda kufakwa ku-bloc ngo-2025. Lokho kuqhathaniswa nengqikithi ephelele ifakwe ku-165 GW ngo-2021.
"I-Alliance izofaka imephu yokutholakala kosizo lwezezimali, ihehe ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangasese futhi yenze kube nezingxoxo kanye nokwenza okufanayo phakathi kwabakhiqizi nabakhiphi," iKhomishana itshele abeReuters nge-imeyili.
Ayizange icacise noma yimaphi amanani oxhaso.
I-Berlin iphinde iphokophele ukwakha uhlaka lokukhiqiza i-PV eYurophu olufana ne-EU Battery Alliance, uNobhala Wezwe Lomnyango Wezomnotho uMichael Kellner etshela abeReuters.
Umfelandawonye wamabhethri uthathwa njengobe neqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngemboni yezimoto zikagesi yaseYurophu.Ikhomishana ithe izoqinisekisa ukuthi i-Europe ingafinyelela ku-90% wesidingo samabhethri akhiqizwa kuleli ngo-2030.
Isidingo solar okwamanje kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke sikhula.
Izinhlelo ezintsha zokuhlala ezibhalisiwe zaseJalimane ze-photovoltaic zikhuphuke ngo-42% ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa zokuqala zonyaka, idatha evela kunhlangano yamandla elanga yezwe (BSW) yabonisa.
Inhloko kasoseshini uCarsten Koernig uthe ulindele ukuthi imfuno iqhubeke nokuqina kulo nyaka.
Ngaphandle kwe-geopolitics, ukuthembela eChina kuyinkinga njengoba izithiyo zokuhlinzeka, ezinwetshwe yinqubomgomo yaseBeijing zero-COVID, ziphindeke kabili izikhathi zokulinda zokulethwa kwezingxenye zelanga uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
Umphakeli wamandla elanga ezinze eBerlin uZolar uthe ama-oda anyuke ngo-500% unyaka nonyaka selokhu kwaqala impi yase-Ukraine ngoFebhuwari, kodwa amakhasimende kungase kudingeke alinde izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye ukuze afakwe isistimu yelanga.
"Sinciphisa inani lamakhasimende esiwamukelayo," kusho u-Alex Melzer, isikhulu esiphezulu seZolar.
Abadlali base-Europe abasuka ngale kweJalimane bayalijabulela ithuba lokusiza ukukhokhela isidingo ngokuvuselela iSolar Valley yaseSaxony.
UMeyer Burger waseSwitzerland ngonyaka odlule uvule imojuli yelanga nezitshalo zamaseli eSaxony.
Isikhulu sayo uGunter Erfurt uthi imboni isadinga isikhuthazo esithile noma esinye isisusa senqubomgomo uma izosiza i-Europe inqamule ukuthembela ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe.
Nokho, unethemba, ikakhulukazi selokhu kwafika uhulumeni omusha waseJalimane ngonyaka odlule, lapho osopolitiki beGreen bebambe izinkonzo ezibalulekile zezomnotho nezemvelo.
"Izimpawu zemboni yelanga eJalimane zingcono kakhulu manje," esho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-01-2022